The main points of anti-overheating measures for aviation piston engines mainly include the following aspects:
First, material selection and design optimization
Use high temperature resistant materials:
Key components in piston engines, such as cylinders, pistons, connecting rods, etc., are made of high-temperature resistant, high-strength materials to improve their high-temperature resistance.
Optimized structural design:
Through reasonable design of cylinder, piston, connecting rod and other parts of the structure, reduce friction and heat accumulation, improve heat dissipation efficiency.
Second, cooling system
Oil cooling system:
The oil is not only used to lubricate engine components, but also to cool the engine. Through the oil radiator, the heat in the oil is dissipated to the atmosphere to prevent the engine from overheating.
Regularly check the cleanliness and integrity of the oil cooling system, including oil radiator, oil pipeline, oil filter and other components, to ensure the cooling effect.
Air cooling system:
For some small aviation piston engines, air cooling may be used. The cooling effect is achieved by setting the heat sink outside the cylinder, using the high-speed air flow to carry away the heat.
Third, operation monitoring and adjustment
Real-time monitoring of engine parameters:
Through the instrument real-time monitoring engine temperature, speed, pressure and other parameters, timely detection of abnormal conditions.
Reasonable adjustment of mixing ratio and ignition advance Angle:
According to the flight conditions and ambient temperature, the mixing ratio and ignition advance Angle are reasonably adjusted to optimize the performance and heat dissipation of the engine.
Fourth, regular maintenance and maintenance
Replace oil and oil filters regularly:
The lubricating oil will gradually deteriorate and pollute during use, affecting the lubrication and cooling effect. Replace lubricating oil and lubricating oil filter regularly to keep lubricating oil system clean and good performance.
Clean and inspect cooling systems:
Clean the oil radiator and heat sink regularly to prevent dust and debris from blocking the heat dissipation effect.
Check the tightness and integrity of the cooling system to ensure the cooling effect.
Check engine parts for wear:
Regularly check the wear of cylinders, pistons, connecting rods and other parts, and timely replace severely worn parts to prevent overheating caused by parts wear.
Fifth, countermeasures under special circumstances
At high altitudes:
At high altitudes, the engine loses heat because of thin air. Corresponding measures should be taken, such as reducing the engine power and increasing the cooling system heat dissipation area, to prevent the engine from overheating.
Cold areas:
When starting the engine in a cold area, preheating measures should be taken to prevent the engine from overheating caused by cold starting.
Windy and sandy weather:
When flying in windy and sandy weather, the cleaning and replacement frequency of the air filter should be strengthened to prevent sand and dust from entering the engine interior and affecting the heat dissipation effect.
Sixth, emergency treatment measures
Formulate emergency response plan:
For emergency situations such as engine overheating, formulate emergency treatment plans, and clarify the treatment process and division of responsibilities.
Equipped with emergency treatment equipment:
Equipped with necessary emergency treatment equipment, such as fire extinguishers, coolants, etc., in order to take timely measures in case of emergency.
Strengthen emergency drills:
Regular emergency drills are conducted to improve the crew’s ability to deal with emergency situations such as engine overheating.
In summary, the anti-overheating measures of aviation piston engines need to start from many aspects, such as material selection, cooling system, operation monitoring, regular maintenance and maintenance, response measures in special environments and emergency treatment measures, to ensure that the engine can maintain normal working temperature under various conditions and prevent overheating problems.
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